{"id":2466,"date":"2023-02-28T15:19:29","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T07:19:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/?p=2466"},"modified":"2023-10-11T16:35:39","modified_gmt":"2023-10-11T08:35:39","slug":"the-classification-and-usage-of-optical-microscopes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/2023\/02\/28\/the-classification-and-usage-of-optical-microscopes\/","title":{"rendered":"The Classification and Usage of Optical Microscopes"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2466\" class=\"elementor elementor-2466\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b523574 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b523574\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fb4e433\" data-id=\"fb4e433\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3100365 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3100365\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.16.0 - 09-10-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">When we talk about microscope, we all know that it produces a magnified image of an object for us to examine the details which cannot be observed by the naked eye. In fact, we use various types of microscopes to observe different samples, and the image details shown by each microscope are different. The microscopes commonly used can be classified into two types: optical microscope and electron microscope. As the name suggests, the imaging source of an optical microscope is visible light, which passes through the optical lens system to create a magnified image; On the other hand, the imaging source of electron microscopes is electron beam. The computer receives and processes the signals created by electrons to form a microscopic image.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e888ed9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e888ed9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-align: justify;\">The most common type of microscope found in biology laboratories in local secondary schools is compound light microscope, with magnification power from 40x to 1000x. It is suitable for translucent samples such as cells, tissues or thin organ slides of organisms. Sometimes we have to pretreat the sample before observation, for example, fixing or staining the sample with chemicals. The sample must be mounted on the glass slide and covered with a cover slip too. Since the sample is extremely thin in slice and translucent, compound microscope allows us to observe the internal structures of the sample, such as the organelles in the cell.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3a5bab elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d3a5bab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.16.0 - 09-10-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1440\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e00\uff1a\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\u7684\u7e96\u6bdb\u87f2Paruroleptus-sp.-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2979\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e00\uff1a\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\u7684\u7e96\u6bdb\u87f2Paruroleptus-sp.-scaled.jpg 2560w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e00\uff1a\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\u7684\u7e96\u6bdb\u87f2Paruroleptus-sp.-300x169.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e00\uff1a\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\u7684\u7e96\u6bdb\u87f2Paruroleptus-sp.-1024x576.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e00\uff1a\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\u7684\u7e96\u6bdb\u87f2Paruroleptus-sp.-768x432.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e00\uff1a\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\u7684\u7e96\u6bdb\u87f2Paruroleptus-sp.-1536x864.jpg 1536w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e00\uff1a\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\u7684\u7e96\u6bdb\u87f2Paruroleptus-sp.-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e00\uff1a\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\u7684\u7e96\u6bdb\u87f2Paruroleptus-sp.-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 1. A ciliate (Paruroleptus<i>Paruroleptus<\/i> sp.) under compound microscope with clear internal structures observed (200x)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b4e574 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9b4e574\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Besides, according to the feature of the sample or the details we want to highlight, we can apply some techniques like \u2018darkfield\u2019 or \u2018phase contrast\u2019 by adding additional parts to alter the light path. To make it simple, \u2018brightfield\u2019 is the basic mode of observation with a white background; in \u2018darkfield\u2019 microscopy, we use a light stop to block the direct light, making the background becomes black to increase contrast; \u2018phase contrast\u2019 microscopy makes use of light wave interferences to show the details of the object.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e34b99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9e34b99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1440\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\uff1a\u300c\u5149\u5834\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6697\u5834\u300d\u548c\u300c\u76f8\u4f4d\u5dee\u300d-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2981\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\uff1a\u300c\u5149\u5834\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6697\u5834\u300d\u548c\u300c\u76f8\u4f4d\u5dee\u300d-scaled.jpg 2560w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\uff1a\u300c\u5149\u5834\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6697\u5834\u300d\u548c\u300c\u76f8\u4f4d\u5dee\u300d-300x169.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\uff1a\u300c\u5149\u5834\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6697\u5834\u300d\u548c\u300c\u76f8\u4f4d\u5dee\u300d-1024x576.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\uff1a\u300c\u5149\u5834\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6697\u5834\u300d\u548c\u300c\u76f8\u4f4d\u5dee\u300d-768x432.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\uff1a\u300c\u5149\u5834\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6697\u5834\u300d\u548c\u300c\u76f8\u4f4d\u5dee\u300d-1536x864.jpg 1536w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\uff1a\u300c\u5149\u5834\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6697\u5834\u300d\u548c\u300c\u76f8\u4f4d\u5dee\u300d-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\uff1a\u300c\u5149\u5834\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6697\u5834\u300d\u548c\u300c\u76f8\u4f4d\u5dee\u300d-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 2. Left to right: \u2018brightfield\u2019 microscopy, \u2018darkfield\u2019 microscopy and \u2018phase contrast\u2019 microscopy \uff08400x\uff09<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3fdcb9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d3fdcb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dissecting microscopes, or known as stereo microscopes, are another type of optical microscope commonly used for observing the external features of a non-translucent sample, such as the surface of insects or flowers. Its operation requires less technique than that of compound microscopes, and the sample can be put onto the stage for observation directly without any pre-treatment. The magnification power of dissecting microscopes is in a range from around 6x to 50x, which is much lower than that of the compound microscope but still good enough since the sample observed is usually much larger in size.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b8fb4d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3b8fb4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1440\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e09\uff1a\u7d2b\u8449\u9162\u6f3f\u8349\uff08Oxalis-triangularis\uff09\u7684\u96c4\u854a\u548c\u96cc\u854a-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2980\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e09\uff1a\u7d2b\u8449\u9162\u6f3f\u8349\uff08Oxalis-triangularis\uff09\u7684\u96c4\u854a\u548c\u96cc\u854a-scaled.jpg 2560w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e09\uff1a\u7d2b\u8449\u9162\u6f3f\u8349\uff08Oxalis-triangularis\uff09\u7684\u96c4\u854a\u548c\u96cc\u854a-300x169.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e09\uff1a\u7d2b\u8449\u9162\u6f3f\u8349\uff08Oxalis-triangularis\uff09\u7684\u96c4\u854a\u548c\u96cc\u854a-1024x576.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e09\uff1a\u7d2b\u8449\u9162\u6f3f\u8349\uff08Oxalis-triangularis\uff09\u7684\u96c4\u854a\u548c\u96cc\u854a-768x432.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e09\uff1a\u7d2b\u8449\u9162\u6f3f\u8349\uff08Oxalis-triangularis\uff09\u7684\u96c4\u854a\u548c\u96cc\u854a-1536x864.jpg 1536w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e09\uff1a\u7d2b\u8449\u9162\u6f3f\u8349\uff08Oxalis-triangularis\uff09\u7684\u96c4\u854a\u548c\u96cc\u854a-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u4e09\uff1a\u7d2b\u8449\u9162\u6f3f\u8349\uff08Oxalis-triangularis\uff09\u7684\u96c4\u854a\u548c\u96cc\u854a-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text translation-block\">Figure 3. The stamens and pistils of Oxalis triangularis<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4aae17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f4aae17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1440\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u56db\uff1a\u89e3\u5256\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u5de6\uff09\uff0c\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u53f3\uff09-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2982\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u56db\uff1a\u89e3\u5256\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u5de6\uff09\uff0c\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u53f3\uff09-scaled.jpg 2560w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u56db\uff1a\u89e3\u5256\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u5de6\uff09\uff0c\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u53f3\uff09-300x169.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u56db\uff1a\u89e3\u5256\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u5de6\uff09\uff0c\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u53f3\uff09-1024x576.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u56db\uff1a\u89e3\u5256\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u5de6\uff09\uff0c\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u53f3\uff09-768x432.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u56db\uff1a\u89e3\u5256\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u5de6\uff09\uff0c\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u53f3\uff09-1536x864.jpg 1536w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u56db\uff1a\u89e3\u5256\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u5de6\uff09\uff0c\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u53f3\uff09-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/\u5716\u56db\uff1a\u89e3\u5256\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u5de6\uff09\uff0c\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u53f3\uff09-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 4. Dissecting microscope (left) and compound microscope (right)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8eafb9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8eafb9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Comparisons between compound microscope and dissecting microscope<\/p><table><tbody><tr><td style=\"text-align: left;\" width=\"106\">\u00a0<\/td><td style=\"text-align: left;\" width=\"194\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Compound microscopes<\/p><\/td><td style=\"text-align: left;\" width=\"150\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Dissecting microscopes<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"106\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Magnification power<\/p><\/td><td width=\"194\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Around 40x to 1000x<\/p><\/td><td width=\"150\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Around 6x to 50x<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"106\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Suitable samples<\/p><\/td><td width=\"194\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">- Internal structures of thin and translucent samples<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">-Smaller in size<\/p><\/td><td width=\"150\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">- External features of a sample<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">-Larger in size<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"106\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Sample treatment<\/p><\/td><td width=\"194\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">-Must be mounted on the glass slide and covered with a cover slip<\/p><\/td><td width=\"150\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">-No pre-treatment needed<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align: left;\" width=\"106\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Others<\/p><\/td><td style=\"text-align: left;\" width=\"194\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">-Additional accessories can be used to present different observation effects<\/p><\/td><td width=\"150\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\/<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p style=\"font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac4a2a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ac4a2a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span lang=\"ZH-TW\">To conclude, we select using different types of microscopes according to the image details we would like to show. Good tools come before good work, so a suitable and sophisticated microscope can become a good partner of the observer; and learning how to get along with your partner is also the first key to enter the microscopic world.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1876b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"e1876b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.16.0 - 09-10-2023 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container{height:100%;width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty{position:relative;min-height:22px;min-width:22px}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;margin:auto;padding:0;width:22px;height:22px}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84a73d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"84a73d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Author: Ms. CHIM Hoi Ying (Biology teacher)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-aceb06b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"aceb06b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b35444a\" data-id=\"b35444a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ba77aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0ba77aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/2023\/02\/28\/the-classification-and-usage-of-optical-microscopes\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/\u5716\u56db\uff1a\u89e3\u5256\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u5de6\uff09\uff0c\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u53f3\uff09-scaled-q5m6yhpksvvnbu2yvrn9qgnjuulo2ynu60u6b7p9o4.jpg\" title=\"Figure 4. Dissecting microscope (left) and compound microscope (right)\" alt=\"\u5716\u56db\uff1a\u89e3\u5256\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u5de6\uff09\uff0c\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u53f3\uff09\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">The Classification and Usage of Optical Microscopes<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-29dbf2e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"29dbf2e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c09cf3c\" data-id=\"c09cf3c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-726d32b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"726d32b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/2023\/02\/28\/the-classification-and-usage-of-optical-microscopes\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/\u5716\u56db\uff1a\u89e3\u5256\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u5de6\uff09\uff0c\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u53f3\uff09-scaled-q5m6yhpksvvnbu2yvrn9qgnjuulo2ynu60u6b7p9o4.jpg\" title=\"Figure 4. Dissecting microscope (left) and compound microscope (right)\" alt=\"\u5716\u56db\uff1a\u89e3\u5256\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u5de6\uff09\uff0c\u8907\u5f0f\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff08\u53f3\uff09\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">The Classification and Usage of Optical Microscopes<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8aaa\u5230\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u80fd\u628a\u6a23\u672c\u653e\u5927\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u6211\u5011\u89c0\u5bdf\u8089\u773c\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u4f7f\u7528\u5404\u7a2e\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u89c0\u5bdf\u4e0d\u540c\u6a23\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u6bcf\u7a2e\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u5448\u73fe\u7684\u5f71\u50cf\u7d30\u7bc0\u4ea6\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u70ba&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2466"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2466"}],"version-history":[{"count":55,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2466\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8264,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2466\/revisions\/8264"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2466"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2466"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2466"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}