{"id":4998,"date":"2023-07-18T15:12:57","date_gmt":"2023-07-18T07:12:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/?p=4998"},"modified":"2023-10-11T16:36:23","modified_gmt":"2023-10-11T08:36:23","slug":"development-of-the-microscope","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/2023\/07\/18\/development-of-the-microscope\/","title":{"rendered":"Development of the Microscope"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4998\" class=\"elementor elementor-4998\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b523574 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b523574\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fb4e433\" data-id=\"fb4e433\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3100365 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3100365\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.16.0 - 09-10-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>There has been much debate about who the inventor of microscopes is. Generally, historians believes that the first microscope was invented by Hans and Zacharias Janssen, the Dutch spectacles makers, in the 1590s. It is a microscope consisting of a tripod, a main tube with 1-2 inches of diameter, a base disk, a concave lens and a convex lens (American Physical Society, 2004). With only 3x to 9x magnification and rough image quality (American Physical Society, 2004), the microscope was not widely used by scientists.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85e68c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"85e68c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\" translation-block\">Until the 1660s, a natural philosopher (an early scientist) Robert Hooke improved the design of the microscope including enhancing the lens and illumination systems. However, the image acquired was still blurred (Davidson, 2010). Besides, the focusing system was difficult to use and it easily caused uneven wearing \uff08it frayed easily) (Davidson, 2010). Later, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, commonly known as \u2018the Father of Microbiology\u2019, was inspired by the book <i>Micrographia<\/i> written by Robert Hooke and further improved the microscope. He built a single-lensed microscope with magnification up to 266x (Ford, 2007). He used this microscope to firstly discover bacteria and protozoa.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-236122e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"236122e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.16.0 - 09-10-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"965\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo1-965x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5039\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo1-965x1024.jpg 965w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo1-283x300.jpg 283w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo1-768x815.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo1-1448x1536.jpg 1448w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo1-1930x2048.jpg 1930w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo1-11x12.jpg 11w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 965px) 100vw, 965px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 1. The Microscope Used by Robert Hooke<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82f457b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"82f457b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"705\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo2-705x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5044\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo2-705x1024.jpg 705w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo2-207x300.jpg 207w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo2-768x1115.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo2-1058x1536.jpg 1058w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo2-1410x2048.jpg 1410w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo2-8x12.jpg 8w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo2-scaled.jpg 1763w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 705px) 100vw, 705px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 2. The Microscope Made by Anton van Leeuwenhoek (Replica)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bee6147 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bee6147\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Since then, the design of microscope has become more advanced including a better lens-making technique and a mirror for brighter illumination, despite the unsolvable problems of spherical aberration and chromatic aberration (Science Museum, 2019). Due to these problems, microscopes were still unpopular among scientists. In around 1830, a British physicist Joseph Jackson Lister and a instrument manufacturer William Tulley together designed and built a microscope that finally solved the problems of aberration. Since the image quality was greatly enhanced, microscope had become a popular instrument for academic scientific research, not just only a tool assisting scientists in observing tiny objects.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbd5919 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dbd5919\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yet, there was an unbreakable limit of optical microscopes no matter how sophisticated the optical microscope is - the wavelength of visible light. As the imaging source of optical microscopes is visible light, it is impossible to reveal the details being smaller than the wavelength of visible light. This limit was broken by Ernst Ruska, a German physicist who invented the first transmission electron microscope (TEM) in 1933. Different from optical microscopes, electron microscopes produce an enlarged image of objects using electron beams and magnetic lenses instead of visible light and optical lenses.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e7db49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7e7db49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Today, there are various types of microscopes. Some of them are portable and are easy to handle. Microscopes have become one of the most important instruments for scientists. The development of microscopes will never stop.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9352556 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9352556\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Today, there are various types of microscopes. Some of them are portable and are easy to handle. Microscopes have become one of the most important instruments for scientists. The development of microscopes will never stop.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e1d3ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1e1d3ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo3-1024x768.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5046\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo3-1024x768.png 1024w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo3-300x225.png 300w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo3-768x576.png 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo3-1536x1152.png 1536w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo3-2048x1536.png 2048w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/photo3-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 3. Modern Optical Microscopes: Dissecting Microscope (left); Compound Microscope (right)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d2eed3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"0d2eed3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.16.0 - 09-10-2023 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container{height:100%;width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty{position:relative;min-height:22px;min-width:22px}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;margin:auto;padding:0;width:22px;height:22px}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78f7f07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"78f7f07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"744\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/galitskaya-1024x744.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5608\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/galitskaya-1024x744.png 1024w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/galitskaya-300x218.png 300w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/galitskaya-768x558.png 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/galitskaya-1536x1116.png 1536w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/galitskaya-2048x1488.png 2048w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/galitskaya-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 4. SEM (left); TEM (right)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a93855b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a93855b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f759cee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f759cee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>References:<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>American Physical Society (2004). Lens Crafters Circa 1590: Invention of the Microscope. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.aps.org\/publications\/apsnews\/200403\/history.cfm#:~:text=Lens%20Crafters%20Circa%201590%3A%20Invention,eyeglass%20maker%20named%20Zacharias%20Janssen<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Davidson, M.W. (2010). Robert Hooke Physics, Architecture, Astronomy, Paleontology, Biology. Luminaries, 41(3), 180-182. Retrieved from https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/labmed\/article\/41\/3\/180\/2504959<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Ford, B.J. (2007). Celebrating Leeuwenhoek\u2019s 375th birthday \u2013 What could his microscope reveal? Retrieved from https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/319388463_Celebrating_Leeuwenhoek&#8217;s_375th_birthday_-_What_could_his_microscopes_reveal<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Science Museum (2019). The Microscope. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.sciencemuseum.org.uk\/objects-and-stories\/medicine\/microscope<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4961e05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4961e05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efc4db9 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"efc4db9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Source of photos<\/p><p>Figure 1. The Microscope Used by Robert Hooke<\/p><p>Credits: Micrographia: or some physiological descriptions of minute bodies made by magnifying glasses. With observations and inquiries thereupon \/ By R. Hooke. <a href=\"https:\/\/wellcomecollection.org\/works\/apmaw56u\">Wellcome Collection<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/share-your-work\/public-domain\/pdm\/\">Public Domain Mark<\/a><\/p><p>Figure 2. The Microscope Made by Anton van Leeuwenhoek (Replica)<\/p><p>Credits\uff1aLeeuwenhoek simple microscope (copy), Leyden, 1901-1930. <a href=\"https:\/\/wellcomecollection.org\/works\/d6pfvrcn\">Science Museum, London<\/a>. <a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)<\/a><\/p><p>Figure 3. TEM (Right)<\/p><p>Credits:\u00a0galitskaya (Canva creators),\u00a0<a draggable=\"false\" href=\"https:\/\/www.canva.com\/photos\/MAExNi7i8bc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Transmission Electron Microscope in a Scientific Laboratory<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canva.com\/help\/about-canva-for-education\/\">Canva for Education<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cc7b2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7cc7b2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8eafb9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8eafb9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Author: Ms. CHIM Hoi Ying (Biology teacher)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6240\u6709\u672a\u80fd\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u52d5\u7269\u754c\u3001\u690d\u7269\u754c\u6216\u771f\u83cc\u754c\u7684\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u90fd\u6703\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u539f\u751f\u751f\u7269\u754c\u3002\u6b64\u754c\u5225\u7684\u751f\u7269\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u540c\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u7d30\u80de\u6709\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u548c\u8cea\u819c\u5305\u570d\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5668\uff0c\u7d71\u7a31\u300c\u539f\u751f\u751f\u7269\u300d&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4998"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4998"}],"version-history":[{"count":37,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4998\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5627,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4998\/revisions\/5627"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4998"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4998"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4998"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}