{"id":5617,"date":"2023-07-20T16:19:10","date_gmt":"2023-07-20T08:19:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/?p=5617"},"modified":"2023-10-13T15:56:56","modified_gmt":"2023-10-13T07:56:56","slug":"magnification-and-scale-bar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/2023\/07\/20\/magnification-and-scale-bar\/","title":{"rendered":"Magnification and Scale Bar"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"5617\" class=\"elementor elementor-5617\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b523574 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b523574\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fb4e433\" data-id=\"fb4e433\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3100365 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3100365\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.16.0 - 09-10-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\tIn general, when we observe samples under an optical microscope, the magnification of the image is the product of the magnifying power of the eyepiece and the objective lens. As shown in Fig. 1, the magnification of the image is 40X, which is the product of the magnifying power of the eyepiece (10X) and that of the objective lens (4X).\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-236122e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"236122e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.16.0 - 09-10-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/01_EyePieceAndObjective_logo-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9547\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/01_EyePieceAndObjective_logo-1024x768.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/01_EyePieceAndObjective_logo-300x225.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/01_EyePieceAndObjective_logo-768x576.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/01_EyePieceAndObjective_logo-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/01_EyePieceAndObjective_logo-16x12.jpg 16w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/01_EyePieceAndObjective_logo.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig. 1: The magnification of the image is the product of the magnifying power of the eyepiece (yellow circle) and that of the objective lens (red circle)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bee6147 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bee6147\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThings get complicated when it involves micrograph-recording; the recorded images were magnified or shrank during the reproduction process such as drawing, printing, photographic processing or even showing on a screen, no matter it is recorded by hand-drawing nor via camera. The calculated magnification becomes \u201cscientifically meaningless\u201d if one is not informed of the changes in magnification during the above process! None of the sample\u2019s actual parameters (length, volume, density, etc.) could be computed from that reproduced image.\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbd5919 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dbd5919\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Let me explain with an example:\nThere are pollen grains of the Morning Glory (Ipomoea cairica) on a slide. A researcher observed it with a 400X magnification and captured the image with a camera (Fig 2). He then printed the photo out and tried to calculate the length of the pollen grains. Being not familiar with the scales between the microscopic image, camera sensor and the printed photo, he was unable to calculate the answer, no matter what aids he got. Do you know how we could help this researcher?<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82f457b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"82f457b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/02_Pollen_NoScale-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9548\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/02_Pollen_NoScale-1024x683.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/02_Pollen_NoScale-300x200.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/02_Pollen_NoScale-768x512.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/02_Pollen_NoScale-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/02_Pollen_NoScale-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/02_Pollen_NoScale-18x12.jpg 18w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/02_Pollen_NoScale-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig. 2: Pollen grains of Morning Glory (Ipomoea cairica) under 400X magnification<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e7db49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7e7db49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSome microscopic slides called \u201cStage micrometer\u201d (Fig. 3) or \u201cCalibration standard\u201d are specially designed for such calibration, in order to measure and display the size of microscopic samples. When they are used coupled with graduated eyepiece (ocular micrometer), scales under different magnification can be easily obtained. These specially designed slides contain tiny ruler or spot with known dimensions.\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e1d3ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1e1d3ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/03_StageMicrometerPhoto_logo-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9549\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/03_StageMicrometerPhoto_logo-1024x768.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/03_StageMicrometerPhoto_logo-300x225.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/03_StageMicrometerPhoto_logo-768x576.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/03_StageMicrometerPhoto_logo-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/03_StageMicrometerPhoto_logo-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/03_StageMicrometerPhoto_logo-16x12.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig. 3: Stage micrometer<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9352556 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9352556\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWe observe the stage micrometer under certain magnification (e.g. 400X) and record the scale between the graduation markings in the eyepiece and the micrometer as shown in Fig.4:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78f7f07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"78f7f07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/04_StageMicrometer_Chi_logo-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9550\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/04_StageMicrometer_Chi_logo-1024x768.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/04_StageMicrometer_Chi_logo-300x225.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/04_StageMicrometer_Chi_logo-768x576.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/04_StageMicrometer_Chi_logo-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/04_StageMicrometer_Chi_logo-16x12.jpg 16w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/04_StageMicrometer_Chi_logo.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig. 4: Magnified stage micrometer and graduation markings in eyepiece<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f759cee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f759cee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe red divisions belongs to the stage micrometer, each division equals to 0.01mm; \nthe black divisions belongs to the graduation markings in eyepiece, and let\u2019s calculate how long does each black division equals to:\n\nFrom the Fig. 4, under 400X magnification, 10 red divisions equal to 23 black divisions, each black division equals to 0.00435mm.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efc4db9 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"efc4db9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>23 Black divisions\t=\t10 Red divisions<\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 =\t10 x 0.01 mm<\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 =\t0.1 mm<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Each Black division\t=\t0.1 mm \/ 23<\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2248\t0.00435 mm<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d5b00f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5d5b00f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1004\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/05_StageMicrometer_PollenSample_logo-1024x1004.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9552\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/05_StageMicrometer_PollenSample_logo-1024x1004.png 1024w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/05_StageMicrometer_PollenSample_logo-300x294.png 300w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/05_StageMicrometer_PollenSample_logo-768x753.png 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/05_StageMicrometer_PollenSample_logo-1536x1506.png 1536w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/05_StageMicrometer_PollenSample_logo-2048x2008.png 2048w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/05_StageMicrometer_PollenSample_logo-12x12.png 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig. 5: Aligning the target with the graduation markings in eyepiece<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b7bfe3 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9b7bfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSince we usually use the graduation markings in eyepiece for observation with naked eyes, we could use another method for computing the actual size of our target during camera recording. On the first hand, we take photo of the stage micrometer as the scale bar, then the target using the same magnification and camera settings, and we overlap and combine these two photos. After that, we could simply calculate the actual length of the target as follow:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb2675b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bb2675b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"769\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/06_StageMicrometer_ScaleBarCalculation_logo-1024x769.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9553\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/06_StageMicrometer_ScaleBarCalculation_logo-1024x769.png 1024w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/06_StageMicrometer_ScaleBarCalculation_logo-300x225.png 300w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/06_StageMicrometer_ScaleBarCalculation_logo-768x576.png 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/06_StageMicrometer_ScaleBarCalculation_logo-1536x1153.png 1536w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/06_StageMicrometer_ScaleBarCalculation_logo-2048x1537.png 2048w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/06_StageMicrometer_ScaleBarCalculation_logo-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig. 6: Target and scale bar<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1ca59a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c1ca59a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe apparent length of the target (lm) is 93 units while that of the scale bar (lS) is 17 units.\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ec63e3 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8ec63e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Actual length of target\/Apparent length of the target (lm) = Actual length of scale bar\/Apparent length of scale bar (lS)<\/p><p>Actual length of target\t=\t( lm \/ lS ) x Actual length of scale bar<br \/>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0=\t( 93  \/ 17 ) x 0.02 mm<br \/>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u2248\t0.109 mm<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21d4d28 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"21d4d28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tUnder the same principle, whatever format or size the microscopic image or drawing is displayed, once a proper scale bar is found, calculation of the actual size of a microscopic sample would be a piece of cake. Now. it\u2019s your showtime, please calculate the actual diameter of pollen grain in Fig. 7.\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7b6982 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c7b6982\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/07_Pollen_Scale-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9554\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/07_Pollen_Scale-1024x683.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/07_Pollen_Scale-300x200.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/07_Pollen_Scale-768x512.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/07_Pollen_Scale-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/07_Pollen_Scale-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/07_Pollen_Scale-18x12.jpg 18w, http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/07_Pollen_Scale-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig. 7: Pollen grains of Morning Glory (Ipomoea cairica) under 400X magnification (with scale bar)\n*The white bar at the bottom right-hand corner is the scale bar, which represents 0.01 mm.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee0c80c elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ee0c80c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAnswer: The diameter of a pollen grain of Morning Glory (Ipomoea cairica) is 0.085 mm.\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8eafb9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8eafb9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a9259d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a9259d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Author: Mr. CHAN Kam Kong (Biology teacher)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6240\u6709\u672a\u80fd\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u52d5\u7269\u754c\u3001\u690d\u7269\u754c\u6216\u771f\u83cc\u754c\u7684\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u90fd\u6703\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u539f\u751f\u751f\u7269\u754c\u3002\u6b64\u754c\u5225\u7684\u751f\u7269\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u540c\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u7d30\u80de\u6709\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u548c\u8cea\u819c\u5305\u570d\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5668\uff0c\u7d71\u7a31\u300c\u539f\u751f\u751f\u7269\u300d&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5617"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5617"}],"version-history":[{"count":47,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5617\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9622,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5617\/revisions\/9622"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5617"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5617"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.mitlc.edu.hk\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5617"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}